英语翻译In preparing for crises,it pays to search for subtletiesthe second-order effects.I once asked the legendary aviator General Jimmy Doolittle to name the greatest hazard that pilots faced in the pioneering days of aviation.His answer was un

英语翻译In preparing for crises,it pays to search for subtletiesthe second-order effects.I once asked the legendary aviator General Jimmy Doolittle to name the greatest hazard that pilots faced in the pioneering days of aviation.His answer was un
英语翻译
In preparing for crises,it pays to search for subtletiesthe second-order effects.I once asked the legendary aviator General Jimmy Doolittle to name the greatest hazard that pilots faced in the pioneering days of aviation.His answer was unexpected but no doubt accurate."Starvation," he replied.Drills like the one in San Francisco help identify these second-order effects because the devil is in the details and the cost of overlooking them can be high.For example,in the aftermath of Hurricane Andrew in 1992,the telephone companies discovered that one of the principal shortages in southern Florida was not poles,wires,or switches but day care centers.Many of the phone companies' field-operations employees had children and relied on day care.When the centers were destroyed by the hurricane,someone had to stay home to take care of the childrenthereby reducing the workforce at the moment when it was needed the most.The problem eventually was solved by soliciting retirees to tend ad hoc day care centers,thereby freeing working parents to assist in restoring the telephone network..
Experience suggests a number of useful preparations for dealing with an upheaval:establishing a crisis center,making contingency plans,selecting in advance the members of the crisis team,providing ready and redundant communications,andmost importanttesting those communications.As the United States government has learned in circumstances ranging from the attack on Pearl Harbor to the capture of the Pueblo by North Korea,the best-laid plans are worthless if they cannot be communicated.

英语翻译In preparing for crises,it pays to search for subtletiesthe second-order effects.I once asked the legendary aviator General Jimmy Doolittle to name the greatest hazard that pilots faced in the pioneering days of aviation.His answer was un
楼上几位都是机译~~
在应对危机时,要寻找次阶效应的微妙联系是要付出代价的.我曾经询问传奇的飞行将军吉米 杜里托,飞行员在早期的飞行中所面临最大的危险是什么,他回答道：“饥饿.”他的回答出人意料,却无疑是准确的.类似于在旧金山的演习能够帮助识别这些次阶效应,这是因为危机的发生是从一些不经意的细节开始的,忽略他们的代价可能是惨重的.例如, 在1992年的安德鲁飓风过后,电话公司发现弗洛里达南部主要的短缺并不是电极,电线或开关,而是托儿所.电话公司有许多实地工作的员工有小孩,孩子就靠托儿所照顾.一旦这些托儿所被飓风破坏,一些人就不得不呆在家里照顾孩子,因此当正是需要劳动力的时候它就减少了.这个问题最终通过招募退休人员来照看托儿所而得以解决,这样,那些呆在家的父母才得以抽身来帮助恢复电话网络.
经验说明应对突变有许多大量的准备工作：成立一个突发事件中心,制定应对计划,提前确立事故小组成员,提供多样的通讯方式,最重要的是测试这些通讯系统.正如美国政府从珍珠港袭击到公元北韩计划的捕捉事件中学到的教训,如果无法交流信息,准备再好的飞机也无济于事.
纯手工翻译!