求一篇金融危机对零售业影响的英语文献,要有中文和英文

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求一篇金融危机对零售业影响的英语文献,要有中文和英文

求一篇金融危机对零售业影响的英语文献,要有中文和英文
求一篇金融危机对零售业影响的英语文献,
要有中文和英文

求一篇金融危机对零售业影响的英语文献,要有中文和英文
Dina Powell has long wanted to put down new carpet in her Stafford,Va.,home and update the flooring in her kitchen.But a family budget tightened by a precarious economy has changed her home-improvement plans.
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"I'm putting those things off," Powell said Wednesday in the parking lot of the Wal-Mart in the Kingstowne neighborhood in nearby Alexandria,as she loaded her car with dryer sheets and cards and wrapping paper purchased for her son's sixth birthday party."I'm just getting the essentials."
As the stock market crumbled and experts and lawmakers debated the effects of a massive financial bailout bill,many Americans spent these past 30 days anxious to find out how Wall Street's troubles would trickle down.Today the Rasmussen Consumer Index reported a record low in consumer confidence,falling to 65.5,down 21 points from a month ago,and down nearly 40 points from this time last year.High (though dropping) gas prices,rising costs for food and basic household goods and the constriction of credit availability are all taking a toll on American purchasing routines.
"I used to go all the time," Powell said of her shopping trips to Wal-Mart and other big-box retailers."If I needed one thing,I'd run out to buy it.But now I go just once a week.I wait for things to pile up.Everything seems so expensive."
For retail giant Wal-Mart,daily discounts and low-price merchandise have kept shoppers coming back despite the new strain on their wallets.In its September sales report,released Tuesday,Wal-Mart noted a 2.8% growth in sales at its U.S.stores since the same month last year.Bargains are,in fact,the main reason the long lines and heavy in-store aisle traffic haven't kept Terry Fife of Alexandria from abandoning his weekly trips to the Kingstowne store."Wal-Mart is not exactly a place I look forward to shopping at," Fife said Wednesday,walking across the parking lot on his lunch break with a box of Milk Duds in hand.
But for other,pricier retailers,the economic crunch has stunted sales growth.At Target Corp.,another major discount retailer,a company report released Wednesday revealed that same-store September sales in several departments had weakened since the same month last year:decorative home and garden,women's apparel and jewelry and accessories.The total decrease in comparable store sales was 3%."Sales for the month of September were below our expectations,reflecting continued daily volatility," president and CEO Gregg Steinhafel said in the report.
Home Depot,the world's largest home-improvement retailer,also reported revenue loss.Its sales for the fiscal 2008 second quarter totaled $21 billion,a 5.4% decrease from the same time a year earlier.A spokesman for Home Depot would not comment Wednesday on sales in the past 40 days.
Owners of independent hardware stores say the market pressure might actually be working in their favor."When you're buying $1,000 worth of things,it's worth it to go to Home Depot," says Todd Pfeiffer,owner of Pfeiffer's Hardware store in the Mount Pleasant neighborhood of northwest Washington,D.C."Here,it's about convenience." With fewer people furnishing new homes given the current housing crisis,says Pfeiffer,they are more likely to need "bits and pieces" for smaller fix-it projects.That brings them to their local hardware store.
Gina Schaefer and Mark Friedman,a husband and wife who own five Ace Hardware stores throughout Washington and Baltimore,note that in a time when few people want to move,paint and garden products continue to sell well."The greatest way to freshen up a room is to change the paint," she says,noting that sales are pretty consistent across the merchandise board.Schaefer adds that a new Administration,with an influx of new residents to the district,will likely yield more consumers looking to spruce up their new homes.
But for Kathy Whitaker,owner of a small home-improvement business,money is tighter now than it has been in a while."Lots of customers are cutting back" on the more pricey design and décor changes planned for their houses,instead opting for smaller projects or abandoning their plans altogether,she says.That means some of the updates she wants to make on her own home have been thrown off track.
"I have a house that's a work in progress.Every time you turn around,there's something else we need to do," says Whitaker,of Springfield,Va.,as she pulls bags of cat food and bottles of motor oil from her Wal-Mart shopping cart."But we definitely have to watch what we buy now.We're only buying things we really need,and we're trying to consolidate and do all our shopping in one trip to save on gas."

很多啦

在供大于求的情况下,有相当一部分自身条件并不出众的毕业生工作很难找到,就需要先降低期望值和求职标准,先解决就业,再换更好的职业。
在谈论先就业还是先择业这个话题之前,先说一个我看到的故事,发生在一个真实的大学生身上的故事。
李祥是

某普通大学文史专业毕业的学生,因为专业原因,求职遇到很大困难。几经周折,他在北京某五星级宾馆找到了一份拖地的工作。对...

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在供大于求的情况下,有相当一部分自身条件并不出众的毕业生工作很难找到,就需要先降低期望值和求职标准,先解决就业,再换更好的职业。
在谈论先就业还是先择业这个话题之前,先说一个我看到的故事,发生在一个真实的大学生身上的故事。
李祥是

某普通大学文史专业毕业的学生,因为专业原因,求职遇到很大困难。几经周折,他在北京某五星级宾馆找到了一份拖地的工作。对于一个大学毕业生来说,在宾馆里拖地这样的工作,专业不对口,甚至“身份”都不对口。李祥的顶头上司主管是一个小青年,才中专毕业,年纪也不大。李祥觉得委屈,不服气。和他一起在宾馆打工的李师傅问李祥:你觉得离开这里,能找到更好的工作吗?“很难”“那你骄傲什么?”“我觉得他是中专生,年纪也不大……”“甭管人家中专生,人家现在是主管,是你的领导,你虽然是大学毕业,但现在的工作是拖地的,要明白自己的身份。”李祥明白了,这样下去,他很可能被开除,而找一个像样的工作也很难,他将面临生存的问题。于是他改变了态度,工作认真,开始利用空闲时间学英语。过了一段时间,主管对他的态度明显改变,而且主动把他调到晚班。晚班自由支配时间多,而且有夜班费,这对李祥学习英语可以说是莫大的支持。大半年以后,李祥的英语有长足进步,也攒了一笔钱,便报了一个够档次的英语提高班。学完后,李祥辞去宾馆拖地的工作,凭着不错的英语水平在一家补习学校找了个代课教师的职位,收入比原来多好几倍,也体面了许多,他也有了更高的追求 ……
今年就业形势这么紧张,大学毕业生究竟应该是先就业还是先择业,这已经成为一个被反复争论和讨论的话题。在供大于求的情况下,有相当一部分自身条件并不出众的毕业生工作很难找到,就需要先降低期望值和求职标准,先解决就业,再换更好的职业。
就业策略:胸怀梦想,首先就业
2009年应届大学毕业生是610万,根据社科院公布的最新数字,加上前两年毕业但还没有找到工作的人数,今年的大学生毕业生就业人口应该在700万左右。
毕业生人数增长很快,但面向毕业生的职位却没有增加多少,入职门槛反而有所提高。首先2008年国际金融风暴的影响,我国外向型经济受到很大影响,一批产业就业形势恶化,比如外向型制造业、加工业、外贸出口、航运业、半导体和芯片制造,外向型IT服务业,软件外包,还有金融业里面的投资银行,基金和证券,房地产和上下游行业,投资依赖性的互联网和高科技行业。往年在校园招聘主力军的外企跨国公司,2009年的校园招聘规模大幅缩水甚至冻结。也就是说,今年专门针对大学生的职位数量增量不大,甚至比去年有减少。
其次,由于大学生数量多,而有效职位有限,有些企业抬高招聘毕业生门槛。以前不要求专业对口的,今年只招聘相关专业毕业生;本来对学校没有要求的,今年倾向招聘名牌大学的毕业生。
最后,今年竞争形势也更加复杂。由于针对毕业生的职位减少,今年的大学毕业生不得不走上社会招聘市场,与上届毕业但没有就业的学生竞争,还要与受到金融危机影响而主动或者被动离职的职场人群竞争就业机会。而与有工作经验的人竞争社会招聘职位,大学生不具备优势。
所以说,今年大学生的就业策略应该是降低求职期望,尽快实现就业,胸怀事业梦想。
就业心理:让时间和耐心缓解供需矛盾
大学毕业生面临就业问题,实际上不只是中国的问题,欧美发达国家也有。中国这么多毕业生,毕业后一年内仍然没有就业,处于隐性失业状态的,为数不少。有统计显示近年来国内毕业一年时间内没有就业的大学生数量大约占每年应届大学毕业生人数的20%。 2008年中国有540万大学毕业生,有大约100多万没有实现就业,加入到2009年大学生就业大军里面。
这个问题今天的中国特别突出,有其本身的特点。从学校方面讲,有专业和课程设置与就业需求脱节,学生求职和职业技能培训不到位等问题。从雇主方面看,提供给毕业生的新职位数量有限,公司只愿意招聘有工作经验的人,而不愿意在毕业生员工的培训上花成本。从毕业生方面看,思维方式和能力的局限,期望值过高,只愿意在大城市大公司大单位等。其中最核心的两个问题,主要还是供需关系矛盾。而这个矛盾,很难在短期内缓解。
因为金融危机影响,有若干行业就业形势恶化。同时,也有一些行业受影响相对较小,或者正处在一个快速发展,招兵买马阶段。这样的行业有医药行业,医疗设备制造行业,快速消费品行业,零售业,教育培训业,网游,银行业,保险业等。同时,国家已经陆续公布了十大行业的产业振兴计划,加强对行业的投资和规划。从中长期来看,纳入到国家行业振兴计划中的几大产业,也都能提供较多的就业机会,值得大学生关注。从所学专业角度看,技术型和应用性强的一些专业,今年的就业前景继续看好,比如医学专业,航空航天领域各专业,地质勘探专业,能源环保专业,保险精算专业。
就业方向:与时代一起升级
今年校园招聘企业的主体,已经从往年的外企跨国公司,转为国有企业,国有控股公司和民营企业。建议毕业生求职方向可以多向这类企业倾斜。
从提供就业机会的区域来看,北京,上海这样大型中心城市的新增就业机会已经接近饱和,这些城市去年新增投资额的增长已经回落到百分之一,如果一个地区新增投资很少,就不会有大量新增就业机会。而内陆一些城市和中西部一些二线城市发展迅速,近两年的投资额增长达20%-30%,意味这在这些地区,会有比较大的新增就业机会,这些地区也更需要受过高等教育的高素质人才。
今年的大学毕业生,首要问题是先解决就业问题,因为:获得一份工作,获得收入,可以在这个社会上独立生存下来;获得一份工作,开始从学生到职业人的身份转变,开始积累职业经验和社会资源;有就业经验和社会资源以后,就有基础再考虑自己职业发展的计划。在机会繁多的现代社会,初次就业的工作,并不是一个人永远的工作和终身职业。
就业还是择业,其实不应该是个问题。因为对于大学生这样受过高等教育的人群,找到一份工作,其实是不难的。造成问题的是供需不平衡。沿海发达地区和大城市集中了过多的毕业生求职,而内地城市和中西部城市,需要大学生,但吸引不来大学生。我们也不能简单责怪大学生们的求职心态,人都希望在一个起点更高一点,机会更多一些,生活条件更好一点的地方工作和生活。但目前中国是一个二元社会,地区发展很不平衡,城乡差别较大,造成了能容纳大学生的地区和城市接近饱和。同时,过去二十年来,“中国制造”型劳动密集型的产业对就业的劳动人口的拉动,主要集中在农村剩余人口,对劳动者素质要求不高,对提升大学生这样的高素质人才的就业机会的增长带动有限。2008年金融危机冲击带来的产业调整和产业升级,从长期来看,会对缓解大学生就业问题,提供更多高等教育人才就业机会有积极的推动作用。(陈宁/智联招聘内容总监)

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